Learn some common French idioms if you want to go beyond basic spoken French and be able to understand well Francophone people when they speak. Using idiomatic expressions also shows you have a good grasp of the language.
Today I will be sharing 20 colorful and funny idioms with their literal translation and actual meaning, followed by examples. After reading this, expressions like passer une nuit blanche, or voir la vie en rose will become very familiar to you.
And as usual, you will get to practice at the end with a quiz.
If you are a total beginner, start with the lesson on colors.
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Idiom #1 Être blanc comme neige
Literally: to be white as snow
Meaning: to be innocent
Example: le réceptionniste fait semblant d'être blanc comme neige dans cette affaire. => the receptionist is pretending to be clean in this case.
Idiom #2 Passer une nuit blanche
Literally: to spend a white night
Meaning: to stay up all night
Example : Hier, ils ont passé une nuit blanche car leur fille était malade. => Yesterday, they stayed up all night because their daughter was sick.
Another equivalent expression: ne pas fermer l'œil de la nuit.
Idiom #3 Donner carte blanche à quelqu'un
Literally: To give a white/blank card to someone
Meaning: to give someone a free hand / full discretionary power
Example: mon père m'a donné carte blanche pour organiser ma fête d'anniversaire. => My father gave me a free hand to organize my birthday party.
Idiom #4 Être rouge de honte
Literally: to be red of shame
Meaning: to be ashamed
Example : Je suis arrivée en retard et dès que j'ai ouvert la porte tous les regards étaient braqués sur moi. J'étais rouge de honte. => I arrived late and as soon as I opened the door, all eyes were on me. I was ashamed.
Another equivalent expression: rougir.
Idiom #5 Être dans le rouge
Literally: to be in the red
Meaning: to have financial difficulties
Example: Notre société est dans le rouge depuis la perte de notre plus gros client. => Our company is having financial difficulties since the loss or our biggest customer.
Idiom #6 Avoir un rire jaune
Literally: to have a yellow laugh
Meaning: to have a forced laugh
Example: Quand j'ai annoncé ma promotion à mon collègue, il a eu un rire jaune. => When I announced my promotion to my colleague, he had a forced laugh.
Idiom #7 Avoir un bleu
Literally: to have a blue
Meaning: to have a bruise
Example : je suis tombée de mon vélo, et maintenant j'ai des bleus. => I fell of my bicycle and now I have bruises.
Idiom #8 Être un cordon bleu
Literally: to be a blue cord
Meaning: to be a good cook/great cook
Example: Ton repas est délicieux! Tu es vraiment un cordon bleu ! => Your food is delicious! You are really a good cook!
This expression is mostly used in the context of food. To learn more aboutFrench food vocabulary, click here.
Idiom #9 Avoir une peur bleue
Literally: to have a blue fear
Meaning: to be very scared
Example: J'ai une peur bleue des Crapauds. => I am very scared of tods.
Idiom #10 Avoir un œil au beurre noir
Literally: to have a black buttered eye
Meaning: ta have a black eye
Example : Mathieu est rentré avec un oeil au beurre noir. il a eu une altercation avec un homme. => Matthew came back home with a black eye. He had a fight with a man.
Idiom #11 Travailler au noir.
Literally: to work in the black
Meaning: to work illegally
Example: Tu risques l'expulsion si tu travailles au noir dans certains pays. => You might be deported if you work illegally in some countries.
Idiom #12 Voir tout en noir
Literally: to see everything in black
Meaning: to be negative, pessimistic
Example: Arrête de voir la vie en noir ! Prends les choses du bon côté.=> Stop being negative. Take things from the good side.
Idiom #13 La bête noire
Literally: the black beast
Meaning: the pet hate, pet peeve(US)